FRCountry guide · France

HR Services in France

HR support for US, UK and international companies hiring in France: French contracts and policies, payroll coordination, compliance and recruitment. Build your French team without building an HR department first.

Arc de Triomphe in Paris at night with the French flag, France
Capital: ParisCurrency: EUROfficial language: FrenchPopulation: 69.1 million
Key facts for employers
Minimum wage (SMIC)€12.31 an hour since June 1, 2026
Maximum working time10 hours a day, 48 a week (35-hour legal week)
Paid annual leaveFive weeks a year (30 working days)
Employer costs on top of wagesAbout 48% of gross wages (Eurostat, 2025)

Last reviewed October 2026. Collective agreements can set higher standards.

27+European countries
50+Experts in our European network
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HR services in France

Expand Into France With an HR Partner Who Knows French Labor Law

France is Europe’s top destination for foreign investment projects and a market of 69.1 million people. It also brings detailed employment rules: a 35-hour legal week, a formal procedure for dismissals, an employee committee (CSE) from 11 employees, and sector collective agreements that can add to the law.

Europe HR Solutions is your HR partner for France. We prepare French contracts, policies and handbooks, put payroll foundations in place and coordinate your payroll provider, support hiring and reward, and review your HR practices as French law changes.

Expanding beyond France? The same team covers 27+ European countries, so you manage one relationship instead of a provider in every market.

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HR outsourcing

HR Outsourcing in France With Europe HR Solutions

One senior Europe HR Solutions team coordinates your HR in France, working with independent in-country HR professionals from our European network who understand French employment practice.

Everyday HR, handled

Payroll coordination, recruitment, compliance and employee relations in France, handled as one service, so you can focus on growing the business.

Compliance with French labor law

We make sure your HR operations comply with French law, and review your contracts and policies as statutory rules and collective agreements change.

Cost-effective HR

Outsourcing means you don’t need your own HR team in France, which reduces cost and frees resources for growth.

Flexible engagement

We work ad hoc, on an interim basis, by project or on a retainer, from a few weeks to several years.

Employment law

Key Employment Regulations in France

The Labor Code (Code du travail) sets the baseline. Sector collective agreements and company agreements can add to it, so check both before you hire.

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Employment contracts (Code du travail)

A permanent contract (CDI) is the default. Any written contract must be in French, and a fixed-term contract (CDD) must be in writing and state its reason, or it counts as permanent.

Working hours (35-hour week)

The legal week is 35 hours. Overtime is paid at least 25% extra for the first 8 hours and 50% after that, unless an agreement sets a different rate. Maximums: 10 hours a day, 48 in a week and 44 on average over 12 weeks, with at least 11 hours’ daily rest.

Minimum wage (SMIC)

€12.31 an hour since June 1, 2026, or €1,867.02 a month for 35 hours. It rises every January, and also during the year when inflation passes 2%. Collective agreements can set higher minimums.

Paid leave and public holidays

2.5 working days of paid leave for each month worked, up to 30 working days (five weeks) a year. France has 11 public holidays. May 1 must be a day off; a company or sector agreement decides which of the others are.

Sick pay

Health insurance pays daily allowances from the 4th day of each sick leave. Employees with one year’s service also get an employer top-up after 7 waiting days: 90% of gross pay for 30 days, then two-thirds for the next 30, with both periods longer for longer service.

Parental leave (congé parental d’éducation)

After maternity or adoption leave, employees with one year’s service can take parental leave or work part-time. The leave lasts up to one year, renewable twice, until the child’s 3rd birthday, and the contract is suspended during it.

Probation and notice

Probation can last up to 2 months for workers and employees, 3 for supervisors and technicians and 4 for executives, renewable once if a sector agreement allows (8 months in total at most). After that, notice is 1 month from 6 months’ service and 2 months from 2 years, unless an agreement or the contract gives more.

Dismissal (cause réelle et sérieuse)

A dismissal for personal reasons needs a real and serious cause and a set procedure: an invitation to a meeting at least 5 working days ahead, the meeting, then a letter by recorded delivery stating the reasons, sent at least 2 working days later.

Employee committee (CSE)

A social and economic committee (CSE) is required once a company has had at least 11 employees for 12 consecutive months. From 50 employees, it must be informed and consulted on matters such as headcount and the company’s organization.

Collective agreements (conventions collectives)

The sector agreement that applies is the one covering your company’s main activity. It binds you if you belong to a signatory employers’ organization, or because the Labor Ministry has extended it by order to every employer in its scope, which is how most companies come to be covered. On minimum pay, job classifications and a few other matters set by law, its terms beat a company agreement, as a rule; elsewhere a company agreement can set its own terms. Name it on each payslip, tell new hires which agreements apply and keep a current copy at work.

Social security

Non-wage costs, such as employer social contributions, make up 32.3% of total labor costs in France, or about 48% on top of gross wages (Eurostat, 2025). Employers must also give every employee company health insurance (mutuelle) and pay at least half of it.

Pay transparency

Companies with at least 50 employees already publish a yearly gender equality index. France missed the June 2026 deadline for the EU Pay Transparency Directive, and a bill presented on September 10, 2026 is now before Parliament.

Why France

The Benefits of Expanding to France

What France offers companies that set up properly.

No. 1

Europe’s top investment destination

France has been Europe’s top destination for foreign investment projects for seven years in a row, with 852 projects in 2025 (EY Attractiveness Survey 2026).

69.1 million

A large market

France has 69.1 million people, the second-largest population in the EU (Eurostat, January 1, 2026).

2.9 million

Scientists and engineers

France has 2.9 million employed scientists and engineers, the second most in the EU after Germany (Eurostat, 2025).

28,000

Jobs from foreign investment

Foreign investment generated about 28,000 jobs in France in 2025 (EY Attractiveness Survey 2026).

4 of the top 15

Strong regions

Four French regions, led by Île-de-France, are among Europe’s 15 leading regions for foreign investment (EY Attractiveness Survey 2026).

38%

Investor confidence

38% of the international business leaders EY surveyed see France as Europe’s most attractive country, ahead of Germany and the UK (EY Attractiveness Survey 2026).

What to plan for

The Challenges of Expanding to France

Six things to plan for before your first hire.

01

Detailed employment law

Dismissal procedures, the employee committee and collective agreements all limit what a contract alone can decide.

02

Employment costs

Non-wage costs add about 48% on top of gross wages (Eurostat, 2025), plus five weeks of paid leave and an employer sick-pay top-up.

03

The 35-hour week

Hours above 35 are overtime with a pay premium, so working time needs planning from the first contract.

04

French in the workplace

Written contracts must be in French, and a foreign employee can ask for a translation.

05

Collective agreements

A sector agreement (convention collective) can set higher minimum pay or longer notice than the law.

06

Thresholds at 11 and 50

Obligations grow with headcount: a CSE once you reach 11 employees, and from 50, wider consultation rights and the gender equality index.

Where companies get caught

Key HR Compliance Risks in France

Eight mistakes to avoid in France, and what each one leads to.

High risk

Undeclared employment

Intentionally hiring without the pre-employment declaration (DPAE) counts as undeclared work, punishable by up to 3 years in prison and a €45,000 fine.

High risk

Dismissal without real and serious cause

A court can order reinstatement or award compensation within a legal scale.

High risk

Fixed terms misused

A CDD without a written contract stating its reason, or one that fills a permanent role, counts as a permanent contract.

High risk

Employee committee obstructed

Blocking the set-up of a CSE is an offense, punishable by up to 1 year in prison and a €7,500 fine.

Medium risk

Vague dismissal letter

The reasons stated in the dismissal letter set the limits of any dispute, so they must be complete.

Medium risk

Contract not in French

An employer can’t rely on clauses of a contract written in breach of the French-language rule against the employee.

Medium risk

No working time records

Where staff don’t share the same collective schedule, the employer must keep records of each person’s hours, and the CSE can review them.

Medium risk

Collective agreement overlooked

An extended sector agreement binds every employer in its scope, whether or not you signed it.

Not sure where you stand? Our HR Compliance Audit gives you a structured review of your HR compliance risk in France, with a clear action plan.

Where international companies invest

Key Sectors in France

France’s leading export sectors in 2025, based on Eurostat trade data.

Machinery and transport equipment35.6% of goods exports in 2025, led by road vehicles (8.1%) and aircraft and other transport equipment (7.5%).
Chemicals and pharmaceuticals19.3% of goods exports in 2025, led by medicinal and pharmaceutical products (6.6%) and perfumes, cosmetics and cleaning products (4.7%).
Clothing, instruments and other manufactured goods13.5% of goods exports in 2025, led by clothing (2.5%) and scientific and control instruments (2.0%).
Free guide

Free HR Guide for France

Cover of the free guide Understanding France’s Employment Law: Essential Information for Employers

Understanding France’s Employment Law: Essential Information for Employers

Your guide to hiring, compliance and HR best practices in France.

Download now PDF · 11 pages

Want to read more first? See our articles on HR and compliance in France and on France’s 2026 campaign against worker misclassification.

FAQ

Hiring in France: Your Questions Answered

Questions companies ask before they hire in France.

Do we need written employment contracts in France?

For fixed terms, always. A fixed-term contract (CDD) must be in writing and state its reason, or it counts as permanent. Any written contract must be in French, and a foreign employee can ask for a translation. We draft contracts that comply with French law.

Can we let someone go in France if they don’t work out?

During probation, yes. It can last up to 2 months for workers and employees, 3 for supervisors and technicians and 4 for executives, renewable once if a sector agreement allows it. After that, a dismissal needs a real and serious cause and the full procedure. We make sure your contracts include a clear probation period.

How much does an employee in France cost on top of salary?

Non-wage costs, such as employer social contributions, add about 48% on top of gross wages (Eurostat, 2025). Also plan for company health insurance (mutuelle), with the employer paying at least half, five weeks of paid leave and an employer sick-pay top-up after one year’s service. Our Compensation & Benefits Strategy builds a reward framework aligned with French law, market data and internal equity.

Can staff in France work more than 35 hours?

Yes, as overtime. Hours above 35 are paid at least 25% extra for the first 8 and 50% after that, unless an agreement sets a different rate. The limits still apply: 10 hours a day, 48 in a week and 44 on average over 12 weeks, with 11 hours’ daily rest. We structure work schedules that comply and still leave room for flexibility.

What happens when an employee in France is off sick?

Health insurance pays daily allowances from the 4th day of each sick leave. Employees with one year’s service also get an employer top-up after 7 waiting days: 90% of gross pay for 30 days, then two-thirds for the next 30, with both periods longer for longer service. We put clear sick leave policies in place.

How much paid leave do employees in France get?

Five weeks a year: 2.5 working days for each month worked, up to 30 working days. France also has 11 public holidays, and May 1 must be a day off. We keep you compliant with leave entitlements and help you offer a competitive benefits package.

Is it really that hard to terminate employees in France?

It’s strict, not impossible. A dismissal for personal reasons needs a real and serious cause, an invitation to a meeting at least 5 working days ahead, the meeting itself, and a letter by recorded delivery stating the reasons, sent at least 2 working days later. Without a real and serious cause, a court can order reinstatement or compensation within a legal scale. A mutual termination (rupture conventionnelle) is an option when both sides agree. We guide you through every step.

Can we put everyone on fixed-term contracts in France?

No. A fixed-term contract (CDD) is only allowed for specific temporary tasks, such as replacing an absent employee, and can never fill a permanent role. Unless a sector agreement says otherwise, it can last up to 18 months including renewals. A CDD that breaks these rules counts as permanent. We make sure every fixed-term contract meets these rules.

Can we avoid collective agreements in France?

Not if one covers your sector. An extended sector agreement applies to every employer within its scope, whether or not you signed it, and it can set higher minimum pay or longer notice than the law. We keep you compliant with any agreement that applies, with as much flexibility as it allows.

Do we need an employee committee in France?

Yes, once you have had at least 11 employees for 12 consecutive months, you must set up a social and economic committee (CSE). From 50 employees, it must be informed and consulted on matters such as headcount and the company’s organization. Obstructing it is an offense. We guide you in setting up and working with a CSE.

What does pay transparency mean for us in France?

Today, companies with at least 50 employees publish a yearly gender equality index. France missed the June 2026 deadline for the EU Pay Transparency Directive, and a bill presented on September 10, 2026 is now before Parliament. Our Compensation & Benefits Strategy covers EU Pay Transparency readiness.

What happens if we fail a labor inspection in France?

Labor inspectors check that the Labor Code is applied, and serious breaches carry heavy penalties: intentionally hiring without the pre-employment declaration (DPAE) counts as undeclared work, punishable by up to 3 years in prison and a €45,000 fine. We conduct regular compliance audits so your documentation is ready for inspection.

Free consultation

Plan Your French Expansion With an HR Specialist

Tell us about your plans for France, whether it’s your first hire or a growing team. We’ll tell you honestly what we see.

  • France and 27+ European countries, through one team.
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    What happens next: a senior consultant reads your message and replies within one business day to set up a short call.